Keyword Search Keywords, Title, Author, Subject, Boolean

Keyword Search Tips

Keyword (all words) - Search Tips

Matches all word(s) entered in the search box.

  • Enter words in any order: paraguay development or development paraguay
  • Enter words with or without accents; the results will be the same (e.g., Perú or Peru).
  • Use quotation marks ( " " ) to denote exact phrases: "sor juana"
  • Use a percent sign ( % ) as a single-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: wom%n
  • Use a question mark ( ? ) for truncation (different forms of a root word) and as a multiple-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: entrepr? or col?r
  • Most punctuation marks (hyphens, slashes, periods, etc.) are replaced by spaces.
  • Enter more words to increase the relevance of your search results.
  • Capitalization does not matter.
  • Limits can be added.

Keyword (any word) - Search Tips

Matches any word(s) entered in the search box. Your search results will contain one or more words (but not necessarily all words) in your query.

  • Enter words in any order: paraguay development or development paraguay
  • Enter words with or without accents; the results will be the same (e.g., Perú or Peru).
  • Use quotation marks ( " " ) to denote exact phrases: "sor juana"
  • Use a percent sign ( % ) as a single-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: wom%n
  • Use a question mark ( ? ) for truncation (different forms of a root word) and as a multiple-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: entrepr? or col?r
  • Most punctuation marks (hyphens, slashes, periods, etc.) are replaced by spaces.
  • To boost relevance, use a plus sign ( + ) to mark essential words.
  • Enter more words to refine your search results.
  • Capitalization does not matter.
  • Limits can be added.

Keyword (TITLE) - Search Tips

Matches word(s) found in titles (including subtitles, alternate titles, translated titles, and the statement of responsibility).
All the words entered in the search box are matched.

  • Enter words in any order: gender politics or politics gender
  • Use quotation marks ( " " ) to denote exact phrases: "sor juana"
  • Enter words with or without accents; the results will be the same (e.g., Perú or Peru).
  • Use a question mark ( ? ) for truncation (different forms of a root word) and as a multiple-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: entrepr? or col?r
  • Most punctuation marks (hyphens, slashes, periods, etc.) are replaced by spaces.
  • To boost relevance, use a plus sign ( + ) to mark essential words.
  • Enter more words to increase the relevance of your search results.
  • Capitalization does not matter.
  • Limits can be added.

Keyword (AUTHOR) - Search Tips

Matches word(s) found in name fields (including names of persons and groups who have authored, created, collected, or performed in a work). All the words entered in the search box are matched.

  • Enter words in any order: isabel allende or allende isabel
  • Enter words with or without accents; the results will be the same (e.g., Perú or Peru).
  • Use quotation marks ( " " ) to denote exact phrases: "library of congress" or "international print biennale"
    Note: because name headings are standardized, avoid quoted phrases unless you know the exact order of words in the heading.
  • Use a percent sign ( % ) as a single-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: Mari%
  • Use a question mark ( ? ) for truncation (different forms of a root word) and as a multiple-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: polit? or arch?ology
  • Most punctuation marks (hyphens, slashes, periods, etc.) are replaced by spaces. Because spaces are used to divide words, use quotes to treat your search term as a phrase when punctuation occurs in the middle of your term: "Inter-American Commission on Human Rights" or "U.S."
  • To boost relevance, use a plus sign ( + ) to mark essential words.
  • Enter more words to increase the relevance of your search results.
  • Capitalization does not matter.
  • Limits can be added.

Keyword (SUBJECT) - Search Tips

Matches word(s) found in subject fields (includes, topical terms, forms/genres of materials, names, places, and titles). All the words entered in the search box are matched.

  • Enter words in any order: political culture or culture political
  • Enter words with or without accents; the results will be the same (e.g., Perú or Peru).
  • Use quotation marks ( " " ) to denote exact phrases: "diego rivera" or "quechua indigenous group"
    Note: because subject headings are standardized, avoid quoted phrases unless you know the exact order of words in the heading.
  • Use a percent sign ( % ) as a single-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: wom%n
  • Use a question mark ( ? ) for truncation (different forms of a root word) and as a multiple-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: entrepr? or col?r
  • Most punctuation marks (hyphens, slashes, periods, etc.) are replaced by spaces. Because spaces are used to divide words, use quotes to treat your search term as a phrase when punctuation occurs in the middle of your term: "U.S." or "Inter-American"
  • To boost relevance, use a plus sign ( + ) to mark essential words.
  • Enter more words to increase the relevance of your search results.
  • Capitalization does not matter.
  • Limits can be added.

Keyword BOOLEAN (and, or, not) - Search Tips

A powerful command-driven search option that supports Boolean operators and special index codes for greater search precision.

  • Use AND, OR, NOT and parentheses to combine words: (argentina OR brazil) AND mercosur
  • Use index codes to specify where words should be searched in the record: KPUB arizona finds arizona as a publisher.
  • Use quotation marks ( " " ) to denote exact phrases found in a single subfield: "social change"
  • Use a percent sign ( % ) as a single-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: wom%n
  • Use a question mark ( ? ) for truncation (different forms of a root word) and as a multiple-character wildcard, either inside or at the end of a word: mari? or arch?ology
  • Enter words with or without accents; the results will be the same (e.g., Perú or Peru).
  • Most punctuation marks (hyphens, slashes, periods, etc.) are replaced by spaces. Because spaces are used to divide words, use quotes to treat your search term as a phrase when punctuation occurs in the middle of your term: "U.S." or "Inter-American"
  • Limits can be added.
  • Example: (spa? OR portu?) AND "colonial history"